Cadmium belongs to a category of heavy metal ions (cadmium, mercury, lead) that have increasingly attracted research attention over the years, due to their toxic manifestations in the environment and the various organisms living in it, including plants and humans. Citric acid is an excellent chelator in several interaction systems with metal ions, resulting in the formation of several complexes. The scope of this research is to probe and synthetically study the aqueous Cd(II)-citrate speciation relevant to Cd(II) toxicity.
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