Authors:
Nachaat Sakr
Volume 30, Issue 1;
Pages: 76-85; 2024
ISSN: 2069-0053 (print), Agroprint;
ISSN (online): 2068-9551
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most noxious diseases affecting Triticum spp. and Hordeum vulgare. As several Fusarium pathogens are included in head blight, it is requested to explore whether Fusarium resistance has a common resistance to all Fusarium pathogens, or whether diverse genes regulate resistance to several pathogens. A common resistance is the consensus in the investigation, but only a few reports confirm this. We have therefore analyzed the presence of common resistance in a set of several bread and durum wheat and barley cultivars with diverse resistance levels under artificial infection with four Fusariarn species. Nine components obtained under in vitro, growth chamber and field conditions were assessed to better understand the nature of quantitative resistance to head blight. The scores of head blight intensity of Triticum spp. and H. vulgare cultivars to F. culmorum, F. solani, F. verticillioides, and F. equiseli were very similar, showing that the resistance to F. culmorum was identical to that for other Fusarium pathogens listed. This is a crucial singe to breeders as the resistance depends not only to any specific isolate of F. culmorum, but similarly to isolates of other Fusarium pathogens. This apply for all the components evaluated, FHB resistance covers common resistances to diverse head blight pathogens. It appears that resistance components are not independent variables but rather a series of components that follow epidemic and disease development; their genetic regulation may vary. This study presents the significance of assessing all quantitative features at the earliest and latest growth stages in the breeding and selection of resistant cultivars and germplasm. Resistance to several FHB pathogens appears to be connected; it is species non-specific, but further investigation is required. This is the first research which reports the presence of common resistance in durum wheat and barley against several Fusarium pathogens.
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