Antagonistic comparative efficacy of Bacillus species against different soilborne fungal pathogens

Authors:
M. Harba, M. Jawhar, M.I.E.Arabi

Volume 26, Issue 3;
Pages: 111-116; 2020
ISSN: 2069-0053 (print) (former ISSN: 1453-1399), Agroprint;
ISSN (online): 2068-9551
Abstract:
Soilborne fungal pathogens constitute an emerging threat to global food security. Many of the currently available chemical fungicides are highly toxic and extended environmental contamination. Therefore, biological control has been considered a viable alternative method to chemical control. In this study, out of 525 Bacillus isolates, 40 representative six species; atrophaeus, amyloliquefaciens, polymyxa, subtilis, simplex and tequilensis were compared for their in vitro antagonistic activity against four different soilborne fungal pathogens i.e. Cochliobolus sativus, Pyrenophora graminea, Fusarium culmorum and F. solani. Data showed that all Bacillus spp. isolates demonstrated different levels of antagonistic effect against the tested pathogens as compared with the controls. All Bacillus species had a higher antagonistic effect towards P. graminea (76.52%) and C. sativus (72.73%) as compared with the two Fusarium species F. culmorum (49.49%) and solani (57.32%) that are mycotoxins producers. Moreover, B. atrophaeus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis and B. tequilensis provided the most noteworthy result as they strongly inhibited mycelial growth in comparing with B. polymyxa and B. simplex. Importantly, the B. tequilensis isolate (SY145D) had the highest antagonistic activity against the four fungal pathogens. The present results showed that the tested Bacillus spp., possess a broad spectrum of antifungal activities against different soil fungal pathogens. These in vitro antagonistic effects could be a strategic approach to control soil filamentous fungi.
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