In plant biology the problems of biochemistry and molecular biology are of particular interest, starting from the diversity of extrinsic and intrinsic factors that ensure the perpetuation of the plant kingdom. The generally known extrinsic factors includ the light, water, oxygen, nitrogen, various ions (anions, cations). Besides those, intrinsic factors known as “plant growth regulators†(PGR) also occur. The production of PGRs is ensured by the intervention of genes existing in plant cells. First a group of five PGRs were identified which includes the auxins, gibberellins, cytokinines, ethylene and abscisic acid. Later on there was discovered a second group of PGRs, including four compounds, i.e. brassicosteroids, jasmonites, strigolactones and salicylic acid. All the above mentioned substances, as intrinsic factors produced in vegetal tissues, are considered „native-plant growth regulators†(PGR-N). For applicative purposes there were „synthesized-plant growth regulators†(PGR-S) in organic chemistry laboratories. The aim of this work is to present general aspects related to PGR-N or / and PGR-S, highlighting their role in food and human nutrition as well as aspects related to the specific role of PGRs-N and PGRs-S in agrobiology (plant physiology), human physiology, physiopathology, pharmacology a.o.
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